Steel Pipe - A Guide For Design And Installation (M11) - [PDF][N27]seeders: 3
leechers: 9
Steel Pipe - A Guide For Design And Installation (M11) - [PDF][N27] (Size: 7.54 MB)
Description Steel Pipe A Guide to Design and Installation (M11): AWWA Manual of Practice (AWWA Manuals) by American Water Works Association Language: English | Format: PDF | ISBN-10: 1583212744 | ISBN-13: 978-1583212745 Page count: 238 | Date Published: April 15, 2004 | Publisher: American Water Works Association  Engineering & Transportation, Engineering, Civil & Environmental, Hydrology CONTENTS M11 - Edition 4 M11 Errata M11 - Revised with errata 2014 Contents Figures Tables Foreword Acknowledgments 1 History, Uses, and Physical Characteristics of Steel Pipe 2 Manufacture and Testing 3 Hydraulics of Pipelines 4 Determination of Pipe Wall Thickness 5 Water Hammer and Pressure Surge 6 External Loads 7 Supports for Pipe 8 Pipe Joints 9 Fittings and Appurtenances 10 Principles of Corrosion and Corrosion Control 11 Protective Coatings and Linings 12 Transportation, Installation, and Testing 13 Supplementary Design Data and Details A Table of Working Pressures for Allowable Unit Stresses Excerpt: Steel pipe has been used for water lines in the United States since the early 1850s (Elliot 1922). The pipe was first manufactured by rolling steel sheets or plates into shape and riveting the seams. This method of fabrication continued with improvements into the 1930s. Pipe wall thicknesses could be readily varied to fit the different pressure heads of a pipeline profile. Because of the relatively low tensile strength of the early steels and the low efficiency of cold-riveted seams and riveted or drive stovepipe joints, engineers initially set a safe design stress at 10,000 psi (68.95 MPa). As riveted-pipe fabrication methods improved and higher strength steels were developed, design stresses progressed with a 4-to-l safety factor of tensile strength, increasing from 10,000 (68.95) to 12,500 (86.18), to 13,750 (94.8), and finally to 15,000 psi (103.42). Design stresses were adjusted as necessary to account for the efficiency of the riveted seam. The pipe was produced in diameters ranging from 4 in. (100 mm) through 144 in. (3,600 mm) and in thickness from 16 gauge to 1.5 in. (38 mm). Fabrication methods consisted of single-, double-, triple-, and quadruple-riveted seams, varying in efficiency from 45 percent to 90 percent, depending on the design. Lock-Bar pipe, introduced in 1905, had nearly supplanted riveted pipe by 1930. Fabrication involved planing 30-ft (9.1-m) long plates to a width approximately equal to half the intended circumference, upsetting the longitudinal edges, and rolling the plates into 30-ft (9.1-m) long half-circle troughs. H-shaped bars of special configuration were applied to the mating edges of two 30-ft (9.1-m) troughs and clamped into position to form a full-circle pipe section. Sharing Widget |