J D Salinger The Catcher in the Rye(audio books)MP3 zeke23seeders: 8
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J D Salinger The Catcher in the Rye(audio books)MP3 zeke23 (Size: 96.68 MB)
Description  The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger.[3] Originally published for adults, it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation.[4][5] It has been translated into almost all of the world's major languages.[6] Around 250,000 copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books.[7] The novel's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion.[8] The novel was included on Time's 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923,[9] and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.[10][11][12] In 2003, it was listed at number 15 on the BBC's survey The Big Read.[13] The novel also deals with complex issues of identity, belonging, connection, and alienation. Various older stories by Salinger contain characters similar to those in The Catcher in the Rye. While at Columbia University, Salinger wrote a short story called "The Young Folks" in Whit Burnett's class; one character from this story has been described as a "thinly penciled prototype of Sally Hayes". In November 1941, Salinger sold the story "Slight Rebellion off Madison," which featured Holden Caulfield, to The New Yorker, but it was not published until December 21, 1946, due to World War II. The story "I'm Crazy," which was published in the December 22, 1945, issue of Collier's, contained material that was later used in The Catcher in the Rye. A ninety-page manuscript about Holden Caulfield was accepted by The New Yorker for publication in 1946, but it was later withdrawn by Salinger.[14] The Catcher in the Rye has been listed as one of the best novels of the 20th century. Shortly after its publication, writing for The New York Times, Nash K. Burger called it "an unusually brilliant novel,"[22] while James Stern wrote an admiring review of the book in a voice imitating Holden's.[23] Former U.S. president George H. W. Bush called it "a marvelous book," listing it among the books that have inspired him.[24] In June 2009, the BBC's Finlo Rohrer wrote that, 58 years since publication, the book is still regarded "as the defining work on what it is like to be a teenager. Holden is at various times disaffected, disgruntled, alienated, isolated, directionless, and sarcastic."[25] Adam Gopnik considers it one of the "three perfect books" in American literature, along with Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Great Gatsby, and believes that "no book has ever captured a city better than Catcher in the Rye captured New York in the fifties."[26] Not all reception has been positive, however; the book has had its share of critics. Rohrer writes, "Many of these readers are disappointed that the novel fails to meet the expectations generated by the mystique it is shrouded in. J. D. Salinger has done his part to enhance this mystique. That is to say, he has done nothing."[25] Rohrer assessed the reasons behind both the popularity and criticism of the book, saying that it "captures existential teenage angst" and has a "complex central character" and "accessible conversational style"; while at the same time some readers may dislike the "use of 1940s New York vernacular," a "self-obsessed central character," and "too much whining."[25] In 1960, a teacher in Tulsa, Oklahoma was fired for assigning the novel in class; he was later reinstated.[27] Between 1961 and 1982, The Catcher in the Rye was the most censored book in high schools and libraries in the United States.[28] The book was banned in the Issaquah, Washington, high schools in 1978 as being part of an "overall communist plot."[29] In 1981, it was both the most censored book and the second most taught book in public schools in the United States.[30] According to the American Library Association, The Catcher in the Rye was the tenth most frequently challenged book from 1990 to 1999.[10] It was one of the ten most challenged books of 2005,[31] and although it had been off the list for three years, it reappeared in the list of most challenged books of 2009.[32] The challenges generally begin with Holden's frequent use of vulgar language,[33][34] with other reasons including sexual references,[35] blasphemy, undermining of family values[34] and moral codes,[36] Holden's being a poor role model,[37] encouragement of rebellion,[38] and promotion of drinking, smoking, lying, and promiscuity.[36] Often the challengers have been unfamiliar with the plot itself.[28] Shelley Keller-Gage, a high school teacher who faced objections after assigning the novel in her class, noted that the challengers "are being just like Holden... They are trying to be catchers in the rye."[34] A reverse effect has been that this incident caused people to put themselves on the waiting list to borrow the novel, when there were none before.[39] Several shootings have been associated with the novel, including Robert John Bardo's shooting of Rebecca Schaeffer and John Hinckley, Jr.'s assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan. Following Mark David Chapman's shooting of John Lennon, Chapman was arrested with a copy of the book that he had purchased that day, inside which he had written, "To Holden Caulfield, From Holden Caulfield, This is my statement".[40][41] In 2009, Salinger successfully sued to stop the U.S. publication of a novel that presents Holden Caulfield as an old man.[25][42] The novel's author, Fredrik Colting, commented, "call me an ignorant Swede, but the last thing I thought possible in the U.S. was that you banned books."[43] The issue is complicated by the nature of Colting's book, 60 Years Later: Coming Through the Rye, which has been compared to fan fiction.[44] Although commonly not authorized by writers, no legal action is usually taken[45] against fan fiction since it is rarely published commercially and thus involves no profit. Colting, however, has published his book commercially. Unauthorized fan fiction on The Catcher in the Rye existed on the Internet for years without any legal action taken by Salinger before his death.[44] Born Jerome David Salinger January 1, 1919 New York City, New York, United States Died January 27, 2010 (aged 91) Cornish, New Hampshire, U.S. Occupation Short story writer, novelist Ethnicity Jewish American Period 1940–1965 Notable work(s) The Catcher in the Rye (1951) Nine Stories (1953) Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963) Franny and Zooey (1961) Spouse(s) Sylvia Welter (1945–1947; divorced) Claire Douglas (1955–1967; divorced) Colleen O'Neil (m. c. 1988) Children Margaret, Matt Signature Sharing Widget |
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